Two week old jonathan has a patent ductus arteriosus prior to administering digoxin the nurse should
In patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), the lumen of the ductus remains open after birth. Show
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus?The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta.
PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of patent ductus arteriosus stems from the following: Non-modifiable Factors
Modifiable FactorsExperiencing any of the following conditions during pregnancy can increase the risk of having a baby with a heart defect.
Statistics and IncidencesPatent ductus arteriosus is the most common congenital heart defect among adults.
CausesNormally, the ductus arteriosus closes within days to weeks after birth, and the failure to close may be attributed to the following factors:
Clinical ManifestationsInitially, PDA may produce no clinical effects, but in time it can precipitate pulmonary vascular disease, causing symptoms to appear by age 40.
ComplicationsPatent ductus arteriosus, if left untreated, could lead to the following:
Assessment and Diagnostic FindingsPatent ductus arteriosus is diagnosed by the following:
Medical ManagementAsymptomatic children do not require immediate treatment but those with heart failure require the following:
Pharmacologic TherapyMedications for the patient with PDA include:
Surgical ManagementOther forms of therapy include surgical interventions such as:
Nursing ManagementNursing management for a patient with patent ductus arteriosus include: Nursing AssessmentAssessment should focus on:
Nursing DiagnosisBased on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses include:
Nursing Care Planning & GoalsThe major goals for the patient are:
Nursing InterventionsPatent ductus arteriosus necessitates careful monitoring, patient and family teaching, and emotional support.
EvaluationExpected outcomes include:
Discharge and Home Care GuidelinesBefore discharge, the following should be reviewed with the patient and the family:
Documentation GuidelinesThe focus of documentation should include:
Practice Quiz: Patent Ductus ArteriosusHere’s a 5-item quiz about the study guide. Please visit our nursing test bank page for more NCLEX practice questions. 1. An infant with a patent ductus arteriosus is admitted to the pediatric unit ward. The nurse anticipates which of the following medications will be given to the infant? A. Prednisone. 1. Answer: B. Ibuprofen.
2. A premature baby might have the option of medical treatment of a PDA by way of administration of: A.
Fluconazole. 2. Answer: D. Indomethacin.
3. A patent ductus arteriosus can lead to: A. Cyanosis. 3. Answer: D. A&B.
4. The structure that connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery in utero is known as the: A. Pulmonary vein. 4. Answer: D. Ductus arteriosus.
5. When assessing a newborn diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus, Nurse Olivia should expect that the child most likely would have an: A. Loud, machinery-like murmur. 5. Answer: A. Loud, machinery-like murmur.
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[sc name=”Affiliate_MedicalSurgical”] What is the recommended treatment for patent ductus arteriosus?Surgical closure.
A surgeon makes a small cut between your child's ribs to reach your child's heart and repair the open duct using stitches or clips. After the surgery, your child will remain in the hospital for several days for observation. It usually takes a few weeks for a child to fully recover from heart surgery.
What is the initial treatment for a patent ductus arteriosus?The premature neonate with a significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is usually treated with intravenous (IV) indomethacin or ibuprofen. This has been quite successful in most patients.
What happens in patent ductus arteriosus?After birth, the ductus arteriosus normally closes within two or three days. In premature infants, the opening often takes longer to close. If the connection remains open, it's referred to as a patent ductus arteriosus. The abnormal opening causes too much blood to flow to the baby's lungs and heart.
When should you close a PDA?A doctor will close a PDA if the size of the opening is big enough that the lungs could become overloaded with blood, a condition that can lead to an enlarged heart.
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