According to expectancy theory, valence Quizlet
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According to expectancy theory, a person's motivation will be highest when: Show expectancy is high, but instrumentality is low. expectancy, instrumentality, valence are all high. instrumentality is high, but valence is low. expectancy, instrumentality, valence are all moderate. valence is high, but expectancy is low. Recommended textbook solutions
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Terms in this set (44)Motivation The process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed bahvior Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud's method for delving into the unconscious mind to better understand a person's motives and needs. Self-interest What is in the best interest of and benefit to an individual Motivation theories attempt to explain and predict _______. observable behavior. Internal theories of motivation Give primary consideration to variables within the individual that lead to motivation and behavior. Process theories of motivation Emphasize the nature of the interaction between the individual and the environment. External theories of motivation Focus on the elements in the environment, including the consequences of behavior, as the basis for understanding and explaining people's behavior at work. 3 elements of understanding motivation, behavior and performance 1) the individual Managers who are more supportive and less controlling appear to elicit more ______ motivations from their employees. intrinsic Theory X A set of assumptions managers might apply to individuals who are motivated by lower-order needs (physiological and safety needs). Theory Y A set of assumptions managers might apply to individuals who are motivated by higher-order needs (social, esteem, and self-actualization needs). ERG theory A theory that organized human needs into the categories of existence, relatedness, and growth. Manifest needs Learned or acquired needs that are easily perceived. Need for achievement A manifest need that concerns excellence, competition, challenging goals, persistence, and overcoming difficulties. Murray Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) A protective test used as an early measure of the achievement motive. Need for power A manifest need that concerns the desire to influence others, change people or events, and make a difference in life. Socialized power Used for the benefit of many Personalized power Used for individual gain Need for affiliation A manifest need to establish and maintain warm, close, intimate relationships with other people. Autonomy The desire for independence and freedom from constraints. Two-factor theory of motivation motivation factor & hygiene factor Motivation factor & examples A work condition that satisfies the need for psychological growth. Achievement, recognition of achievement, work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth, salary Hygiene factor & examples A work condition that generates dissatisfaction due to discomfort or pain. Company policy and administration, supervision, interpersonal relations, working conditions, salary, status, security Eustress Healthy, normal stress. Stress The energy we experience when confronted with a challenging or difficult situation. Distress A negative response such as frustration or fear, which leads to unhealthy and unproductive results. Full engagement idea the central tenets are that an individual should manage energy rather than time and should strategically disengage from certain activities to balance the power of full engagement. Expectancy theory Expectancy, Instrumentality & Valence Cognitive process theory founded on two basic notions: Valence The value or importance one places on a particular reward. Expenctancy The belief that effort leads to performance. Instrumentality The belief that performance is related to rewards. Motivational programs/ performance planning/ evaluation systems Motivation programs that are meant to enhance a person's belief that effort will improve performance and therefore lead to better pay. Expectancy theory attributes motivational problems to three basic causes: 1) disbelief in a relationship between effort and performance. Moral maturity The measure of a person's cognitive moral development. Morally mature People behave based on universal ethical principles. Morally immature People behave based on egocentric motivations.
Needs theories of motivation A group of content theories about work motivation that focuses on workers' needs as the sources of motivation. The Power of Three All three tings, expectancy, instrumentality and valence need to be high at the same time in order for motivation to be high. Motivation equation is a ________ equation. Multiplicative High expectancy Workers must perceive that if they try hard, they can perform at a high
level. High instrumentality Workers must perceive that if they perform at a high level, they will receive certain outcomes. High valence
Workers must desire or want the outcomes they will receive if they perform at a high level. Effort ---> _____ ---> Performance---> ______---> Outcomes-> ______ expectancy, instrumentality, valence Valence: Need Sets with similar termsChapter 5: Motivation at Work68 terms guineverejamie Chapter 1355 terms nealoverbay Chapter 1347 terms Ashley_Geary Management Chapter 9: Motivation51 terms Fanny121 Sets found in the same folderHR - Chapter 8: Performance Management & Appraisal22 terms Alsaihatif SHRM- CP Competencies-Leadership-Theories-202113 terms nilkysmPLUS Abraham Maslow: Needs-hierarchy theory40 terms bwade2 SHRM- CP Competencies-Motivational-Theories-20187 terms nilkysmPLUS Other sets by this creatorMoney & Banking Ch. 741 terms jamiecbaker Topic 10: Stress Management43 terms jamiecbaker Topic 9: Motivation- Goal Setting and Job Design59 terms jamiecbaker Money & Banking Ch. 640 terms jamiecbaker Verified questions
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Which of the following is true about valence according to the expectancy theory?Which of the following is true of valence, according to the expectancy theory? Correct Providing employees with highly valent outcomes can reduce turnover.
What is the expectancy theory quizlet?Expectancy theory (or expectancy theory of motivation) proposes that an individual will behave or act in a certain way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over others due to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be.
Which of the following is the focus of the expectancy theory quizlet?Expectancy Theory focuses on the link between rewards and behaviors and emphasizes expected (rather than experienced) rewards and on the effects of incentives.
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